Tuesday, April 11, 2017

Last Lap of Namibia: A Farewell to Stanley (For Now)

April 11th, Thunder Bay

Bateleur at Moholoholo
I am (finally) writing the final blog post bringing this chapter of Stanley's Travels to a close, at least for now.  I hope to write a few shorter posts on specific topics, trying to summarize some of our experiences for any travellers hoping to follow in our wheel ruts, but this post should bring the narrative of our trip up to date.  It feels good not to owe the blog another post, after being constantly behind for the past 18 months.

A South African Interlude

We took a brief break from Stanley’s Travels from the 7th to the 17th of February.  We flew to Johannesburg and led a trip of international school students on a week-long school trip in and around Kruger National Park.  It was mostly familiar territory, but it was nice to be paid to visit beautiful spots like Blyde River Canyon and Bourke’s Luck Potholes again.  In Kruger, recent rains had transformed the landscape from the drought-stricken brown we had seen back in May to an almost lush green that actually made it harder to see animals.  Our luck with animal encounters on our three game drives was fairly limited, but lack of quantity was compensated by quality in the form of a truly amazing encounter with a male lion just after sunset; he was lying right beside our vehicles, and the roars he produced as he summoned the rest of his pride had our ribs resonating and our hearts pounding.
Lion in Kruger

Drummer at Nyani Cultural Village
Aside from Kruger, the real highlights for us were visiting the Nyani Cultural Village and Moholoholo Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre, both near Hoedspruit.  At Nyani, the dance troupe put on a very entertaining and highly polished dance presentation of the history of the local area.  Moholoholo highlighted the ongoing problem of human-wildlife conflict that is on the increase with the rising human population of South Africa.  We got to pet a cheetah that has been habituated to humans (used for presentations to local farmers and villagers to overcome their fear and hatred of big cats), feed injured vultures of all kinds, and meet a celebrity escape artist, the resourceful honey badger Stoffel.  We also heard a number of horrible stories of animals snared, poisoned and shot, and about Moholoholo’s attempts to rehabilitate them.  It was eye-opening, and not entirely optimistic.

The trip finished with a trip to the Apartheid Museum in Johannesburg, an overwhelming, huge place that is very well designed and thought out, and which has a tremendous selection of artifacts, video, documents and art that present all the multitudinous aspects of life under apartheid and the struggle to end the system over the decades.  It was easily the best museum I had seen in a year and a half of travel.

Part of the dance show at Nyani Cultural Village


Ameib:  Unexpected Loveliness
Juvenile martial eagle at Moholoholo
The evening of Friday, February 17th found us back in Windhoek; we couldn’t pick up Stanley from his open heart surgery until Monday morning, so we spent a couple of days back at the Trans-Kalahari Inn, decompressing from the unexpected stress of actually working.  While there we met a number of fellow overlanders who were either in the process of storing their vehicles or picking up their stored vehicles.  One of the drivers told us that they had been robbed at Ondekaremba (another vehicle storage place where we had stayed in January) by a sneak thief who had targeted their cottage at night and stolen a backpack full of camera gear, credit cards and cash.  We decided that if we did decide to store Stanley, Ondekaremba didn’t sound like a very safe bet, and told ourselves that we would store at Trans-Kalahari Inn instead, if we did in fact decide to hold onto him instead of selling him.

Cape vulture







On Sunday afternoon we moved back to Pension Cori, in the downtown core of Windhoek, run by the irrepressible Rini, and Monday morning found us visiting Gearbox and Diff Doctor to pick up Stanley and his rebuilt transfer case.  It was expensive (32,000 Namibian dollars, or about US$ 2400:  ouch!!), but at least the 4WD worked again, allowing us to explore the desert tracks of Namibia as we had been dreaming for months.  We refilled the refrigerator at Pick’n’Pay supermarket, picked up the new eyeglasses we had both ordered when we were last in town, and headed north and then west out of town, glad to be back in the comfort of Stanley, free to go wherever we wanted.

Southern ground-hornbill, Moholoholo
Phillip's Cave
Where we wanted to go first was the Erongo mountains.  We had driven past them a few weeks before between Walvis Bay and Windhoek, and our guidebooks made them sound intriguing, so we turned off the tarmac at Usakos and headed north on dirt tracks towards Ameib Ranch.  We had driven far enough west that the relative lushness of the central plateau had given way to dusty semi-arid Karoo, and we approached Ameib through a landscape of shattered boulders and a backdrop of steep rocky hills.  Ameib proved to be a beautiful spot, a perfect place for our return to life in Stanley.  We went for a pre-dinner stroll, revelling in the freedom of walking by ourselves through the beautiful African bush, before returning for a campfire on which we braaied up some delicious pork chops.  There were, for once, no stars overhead, and we were plagued by thousands of moths and flying ants, so we retired to bed earlier than usual, glad to be back in the familiar surroundings of our faithful camper.

San petroglyph of a giraffe, Phillip's Cave
Bull's Party, Ameib Ranch
It was not a restful night, as the clouds eventually turned to heavy rain that continued almost until dawn.  We were up a bit late and groggy at 7:30, had a quick breakfast and set off on foot to see Ameib’s premier attraction, the San paintings and petroglyphs of Phillip’s Cave.  It was a beautiful 45-minute hike from the campground, across a dramatic landscape of big boulders, with a sighting of Hartlaub’s spurfowl (a new species for us) as a bonus.  We got to the cave and spent a while taking photos and trying to capture the vivid liveliness of the art with sketches.  It was a fabulous setting, although the art wasn’t quite as good as what we had seen in the Matopo Hills and at Domboshawa in Zimbabwe back in June.  We strolled back and whipped up a brunch of eggs and toast before packing up. 

Bull's Party
We drove first to another of Ameib’s scenic attractions, the boulder-strewn landscape of the Bull’s Party.  Our guidebook didn’t do it justice.  It was one of the most picturesque spots we had seen in southern Africa, with huge boulders perched on tiny eroded pedestals.  The setting, right underneath the cliffs of the barren Erongo mountains, was perfect, and the sky was clear and blue, making for dramatic colour contrasts between the reddish rock and the azure heavens.  There was even a series of modern copies of all the San rock art found on the property of Ameib Ranch:  the hills seem to be full of caves and rock shelters that served as prehistoric art galleries.  It would be rather fun to devote a week to exploring all the lesser-known rock art sites of Ameib on foot, if we were allowed.  The property also has an undisclosed number of black rhinos on it, and the owners are reluctant to give visitors free rein to wander absolutely anywhere in order to protect the rhinos from possible poaching.

A few of the thousands of kites we saw near Usakos feasting on flying termites
As we retraced our path back to the main highway, we began noticing more and more raptors circling in the sky.  Once we had regained the road, the numbers ballooned until we could see thousands of what proved to be yellow-billed kites and black kites filling the air as far as the horizon.  Neither of us had ever seen raptors in such numbers, and it was eerie, rather like Hitchcock’s film The Birds. Looking it up in our field guide, we read that kites often flock in huge numbers wherever there is an emergence of termites. Remembering the huge numbers of flying things that had bombarded us the night before, it all made sense.  The recent rains had prompted the termites to start flying, feeding and breeding, and the kites were feasting on the plague.  It was a good twenty kilometres down the road before we finally got out from underneath the cloud of kites; it reminded us of sitting by the Chobe River at Mwandi View back in September, watching undulating streams of tens of thousands of queleas darkening the setting sun.  Once again we felt privileged to witness another wonder of nature, and we felt as though we were once again living a David Attenborugh documentary.

Welwitschia, Lichens and Sea Lions:  The Skeleton Coast

Prehistoric-looking welwitschia plant
We drove along the main road toward Swakopmund for quite a while before turning off in search of another wonder of nature, this one botanical.  We followed a dirt track a long way south into the barren gravel desert, across the dry bed of the Kuiseb River and up the other side toward Welwitschia Drive.  Welwitschia mirabilis is avery prehistoric-looking plant found only in the desert strip just inland of the Namibian coast, and our guidebook told us (misleadingly, as it turned out) that it occurs only in this tiny area near Swakopmund.  We drove further and further, with Terri at the wheel becoming more and more dubious about the merits of this detour, until finally we recrossed the Kuiseb, crested a rise and suddenly found ourselves in the midst of these huge, tangled masses of long, dry, split leaves.  It was getting late, so after a few quick pictures we hustled back towards Swakopmund.  We were slightly nervous since we had realized, partway along the road, that we were supposed to get a permit beforehand in Swakopmund, and we didn’t want to get busted.  On our way out, passing along a much shorter, more accessible route, we realized that the welwitschias were everywhere around us, and that we hadn’t needed to make a 100-kilometre round trip to see them.  We drove into Swakopmund through a bank of coastal fog and found a place to camp at the almost-empty Mile 4 Campground, overlooking the Atlantic Ocean.  Sundowners, a delicious stir fry and an early bedtime followed.

Cones of a female welwitschia
It took us absolutely forever to leave town the next day.  Terri had business to do that required an internet connection, and we had errands to run in town:  refilling our big LPG cylinder, getting phone credit, buying groceries, refilling Stanley’s diesel tanks, getting extra drinking water for the desert.  We also thought that we had to get permits for our drive north along the coast, but after searching out the NWR office and finding the permit office closed for lunch, one of the employees heard our lamentations and stuck her head over the balcony to tell us that we didn’t need permits to go as far north as we were planning.  It was 1:30 pm before we finally started rolling north along the “salt road”, a dirt road made almost asphalt-hard by mixing the dirt with brine from the salt works at Walvis Bay.  We could roar along at 90 km/h, and soon enough Swakopmund’s built-up areas fell away and we were out on the emptiness of the Skeleton Coast.

The wreck of the Zeila, Skeleton Coast
Our first stop was to see the Namib Desert’s other big botanical attraction, its black lichens.  We poured a bit of water on them and within seconds they were unfurling, exposing their green photosynthetic surfaces that they had hidden inside them, transforming from black to green in front of our eyes.  From there we continued north to the wreck of the Zeila, one of the many shipwrecks along the treacherous Namibian coast.  It had been colonized by dozens of cormorants who adorned the superstructure, making for good photos as the Atlantic rollers crashed over the deck.

Cape Cross sea lion colony
The main attraction of this long, empty stretch of barren coast is fishing, and every second pickup truck that passed us had a selection of long fishing rods stuck into holders on the front bumpers.  Everyone seems to have their own favourite section of the coastline, and pickup trucks dotted the beach all the way up to Cape Cross.  Cape Cross isa nature reserve set up to protect Cape fur seals (they’re really sea lions, rather than true seals, as we had learned during our voyage on the MV Ushuaia back in 2015), and they seem to be thriving under this protection.  The cape (named for a cross erected by Portuguese sailors searching for a route to India back in the 1400s) is absolutely awash with sea lions, and the air was filled with the sound of their newborn pups and the stench of their droppings.  There’s a fenced-off boardwalk for tourists to use, and it’s a strange sensation, as the sea lions are everywhere around you as you walk, even underneath the wooden boards under your feet.  

Baby sea lion, Cape Cross
Given that sea lion males tend to be aggressive about defending their territories, it was a slightly uneasy feeling to be so close to them.  There was a picnic area for humans, but it had long ago been overrun by sea lions.  Out at sea the waves were dark with bobbing shapes, and the beach was full for several kilometres.  It must be one of the largest sea lion colonies in Africa, and made us realize that to the south of the dark, heaving sea lies Antarctica.  As we walked back to the car, Terri pointed out that I had left the gate ajar to the boardwalk, so I went back to close it.  As I left the gate a second time for the car, a male sea lion nearby decided that I was a threat and began chasing me, making good time on his front flippers over the open ground.  I yelped and ran for it, and eventually the sea lion gave up, but not before giving me a fright and Terri a fit of the giggles.

Perfect Desert Isolation:  Damaraland

Ruppell's korhaan
We drove a bit further north along the coast in the late afternoon before striking off inland along a main road, the D2303.  The Skeleton Coast, for all its mythic quality among Namibian and South African travellers, is a bit bleak, windswept and barren for my taste, with not a scrap of vegetation bigger than the tiny lichens we had photographed, and a cold marine fog hanging over it most of the day.  It felt good to leave this behind as we climbed gently away from the sea, through a desert that was almost as devoid of vegetation, but which had hills, mountains in the distance and a cloudless sky which gave the place a reddish late-afternoon glow that was immediately appealing.  There were subtle variations in texture and colour on the gravel desert and the hills behind, and after a while we saw welwitschia plants appearing on the desert floor; that detour along Welwitschia Drive was looking less necessary with every passing day.  A new bird species, Ruppell’s korhaan, a medium-sized ground bird, made an appearance here and there beside the road, as did a solitary springbok.  

Our first desert camp in Damaraland
Damaraland sunset
We had planned to drive as far as Rhino Camp, on the Ugab River, but since the landscape was so intriguing and Martian, and since it was devoid of settlement or even traffic along the road, we decided to camp wild.  This was, after all, one of the appeals of Damaraland, the area we were now entering:  the freedom to camp just about anywhere, since the area has no commercial farms, almost no local inhabitants and no fences to constrain you.  We picked a spot not far from the D2303, but behind a small rise, and set up camp.  It was really quite windy, so we used Stanley as a windbreak for cooking and sitting.  The wind died down at dusk, making for perfect stargazing conditions, and we sat out until 9:30 looking for meteors and satellites and using Terri’s binoculars to look at some of the big star clusters in the southern heart of the Milky Way.

Tiny desert bush in a desolate gravel plain
Damaraland desert:  can you spot Stanley?
We slept soundly in the profound silence of the desert, and were up just in time for a pretty sunrise over the mountains inland to our east at 7:00.  We had a quick bite to eat, then went for a morning walk to check out our surroundings.  We headed towards a valley that cut into the low hills to our north and were rewarded with views of dramatic rock strata and hardy desert vegetation, along with a new bird species, the mountain wheatear.  We realized that the gravel plains were solid enough to drive on, and that we could have driven a lot further off the road and out of possible sight and parked up for a few days of perfect isolation; we vowed that we would come back to this area in the future to do just that.  We strolled back towards Stanley, who looked very insignificant in the immensity of the desert, did some yoga and then rolled off in the direction of Brandberg West.  Our mechanic in Windhoek had highly recommended a route from Brandberg West to Twyfelfontein, and we were keen to try it.  Our GPS system was less keen, trying to send us the long way around on main roads, but we didn’t pay it any attention; we knew where we wanted to go, and no well-meaning machine was going to stop us!

Dramatic rock strata near Brandberg West
In retrospect, the GPS might have had a point.  It was a tough drive ahead of us, and we didn’t know how tough it was going to be.  On the other hand, it was one of the highlights of Stanley’s Travels in terms of scenery and isolation, so on balance we made the right decision.  Just before Brandberg West the well-made gravel road reached a T-junction.  To the right was the long way around, while to the left was a distinctly less well-maintained jeep track.  We turned left, past an abandoned mine, and bumped our way slowly to the Rhino Camp, run by the Save The Rhino Trust, on the bank of the Ugab River.  It looked like a nice place to camp, but I was glad we had been completely on our own the night before.  The caretaker gave us a photocopy of a hand-drawn sketch map of the route to Twyfelfontein and watched to make sure we didn’t get stuck in the muddy bed of the river; with all the recent rains, the Ugab was flowing much further towards the sea than usual, but with 4WD engaged, it was pretty straightforward. 

The river track from Brandberg West to Twyfelfontein
That was the last straightforward driving of the day.  For the rest of the afternoon Terri steered Stanley up river canyons, over steep rises, around trees, between massive rocks and through a landscape that looked as though it had hardly been touched by man.  We were now a bit further from the dryness of the coast and there were more substantial bushes on the landscape, but it was still a dry, unforgiving place.  Amazingly this rockscape supports the largest free-ranging black rhino population left in the world; some 150 individuals range over a huge area of unfenced land between the coastal desert and the commercial farms of the central plateau.  Unlike rhinos in many of the national parks around Africa, these black rhinos are not constantly followed by dedicated anti-poaching units; they are protected largely by their isolation and by community-based conservation and tourism outfits like the Save The Rhino Trust.  We began to see the milkbushes on which the rhinos browse, and occasional droppings, but no rhinos themselves.  The semi-desert supports elephants as well, but they’re even harder to spot than the rhinos, so although we kept a hopeful eye posted, there were no charismatic pachyderms to be seen.

Getting a bit steep in the canyon!
Pure freedom
It took us a long time and some very concentrated driving by Terri to wrestle ourselves through the canyon that led us uphill away from the Ugab.  No sooner had we emerged onto flatter ground than we managed to shred a tire on a razor-sharp rock that was sticking up.  It took over an hour in the heat of day to wrestle our spare tire off its mounting below the back of the camper and put it on.  As we worked, Terri spotted a small lightning-fast snake zooming around the rocks, looking for something to eat; I was amazed that it could find enough prey to stay alive. I was also glad that we had a second spare just in case, as there were plenty of other sharp rocks around!  We continued up a wider valley and then across rocky highlands into another, much broader valley.  We slowly gained altitude until we debouched out into a beautiful wide-open plain.  We were still 33 km from Twyfelfontein and had only covered 63 km that day, but it had been very slow, demanding driving and this was a pretty place to make camp.  We drove up onto a rise, turned Stanley to act as a windbreak again and settled in. 

Passing through the milkbushes, wondering where the rhinos are
Compared to the previous night’s campsite, this was a positively lush area.  There were welwitschia plants all over the hillside, along with some hardy bushes and small trees and lots of dead wood.  We gathered together enough for a decent-sized fire and grilled lamb chops on the coals along with peppers and onions.  It was one of those perfect evenings that we had come to crave over the course of Stanley’s Travels:  a clear star-filled sky, a roaring fire, delicious food, red wine, lazy conversation and then, after dinner, guitar music beside the fire in the flickering red glow of the flames.  We could have stayed there for days.

Instead, after another night of sound sleep, nestled under our down sleeping bags against the desert chill, we got up for the sunrise and then went off for another exploratory morning hike.  This time we headed south, towards an intriguing canyon that cut into nearby mountains.  We walked past endless patches of welwitschia and down into a broad gorge that must flood occasionally; big trees and dense bushes flourished in the bottom of the gorge, presumably drawing water from not too far below the surface.  There were rhino droppings absolutely everywhere, and lots of animal tracks, but again no rhinos.  I think that if we had camped there a few days, we might have gotten lucky, as the valley was clearly a big transit route for animals.  We were keen to move on, though, so we made our way back to Stanley to head to Twyfelfontein.

The track did not become significantly easier that morning, and it continued to demand total concentration from Terri at the wheel as we navigated steep hills, rock fields and tricky drop-offs.  The hardest driving was always the steep headlands between valleys.  Not far from Twyfelfontein we stopped at a solar-powered waterhole that was absolutely surrounded by rhino tracks and droppings.  These desert rhinos are nocturnal, spending the day in the shadow of milkbushes, so we weren’t surprised not to see them walking around, but it was amazing that they could hide so successfully during the day in what was a pretty open landscape.  Looking at some of the milkbushes, they seemed crushed on one side, as though a large animal had been sheltering from the sun by lying on the outlying branches.  It was encouraging to know that, in a world in which rhinos are being slaughtered at such a high rate, these rhinos were still surviving and thriving in this empty desolation.  On a mountain top overlooking the waterhole we spotted the remains of what had once been a tourist lodge; it was hard to imagine that there have ever been enough tourists in this area to support a lodge.

Hartmann's mountain zebra
The last few kilometres out to the main road at Burnt Mountain were among the toughest so far; it was as though the track had been left in particularly miserable condition to discourage the unprepared and unwary from trying to drive on it from Twyfelfontein.  One highlight was spotting a Hartmann’s mountain zebra, a distinct subspecies with different stripes, a completely white belly and stripes all the way down his legs to his hoofs.  He wasn’t very close by and seemed skittish, so we didn’t get great photos, but it was great to tick another animal off our mammal guide.  At the end of the track, we bypassed Burnt Mountain and the Organ Pipes; Burnt Mountain we could see from the road (a rather unimpressive black-sided mountain), and Organ Pipes was a long hike in and we had to pay an entrance fee.  Twyfelfontein lay only 6 km up the road (we were back on a proper gravel highway) and we were keen to see its San petroglyphs.

Twyfelfontein petroglyphs, including Lion Man
As Namibia’s first UNESCO WorldHeritage site, Twyfelfontein draws in the crowds.  There were quite a few cars in the parking lot, as well as a big tour bus that had just arrived.  Terri hustled us along ahead of the bus tourists (not hard, as they were pretty elderly and moved slowly) and got us going on our tour.  Unlike at many of our other rock art sites, we had to take along a tour guide, so we didn’t have a chance to sit and try to sketch what we were seeing.  On the other hand, it was remarkably hot at Twyfelfontein, and it wasn’t the sort of day to sit around in the sun.  The site consists of a horseshoe-shaped cliff with lots of fallen flat chunks of rock at the bottom.  On some of these rock chunks San hunter-gatherers have, over the centuries and millennia, carved petroglyphs depicting animals and hunters.  We had mostly seen painting sites before, although Phillip’s Cave had been a mix of paintings and petroglyphs, and it was fascinating to see such a huge collection of carved hunting scenes.  As the biggest collection of San petroglyphs, Twyfelfontein has attracted lots of scholarly speculation as to the meaning of the art.  The most famous carving at the site, the Lion Man, is cited as evidence that the art commemorates the trance state that tribal shamans enter into; the lion has five toes on each foot (real lions have only four toes, while humans have five), and its unnaturally long tail ends with a human hand.  Other depictions are more natural, and include just about every animal hunted by the San, as well as seals and penguins they must have seen during trips to the coast.  It was a quick tour, but gave us a good flavour of the art to be found in this Neolithic Louvre.

Dassie rat, Twyfelfontein
After our tour, we sat and rehydrated (did I mention that it was hot?) and watched a dassie rat scurrying around under the table; he looked uncommonly like an oversized gerbil.  We also topped up our drinking water supply before driving along the main road towards Palmwag.  We were back in populated country, with Damara villages dotted here and there across the landscape.  Palmwag Lodge is the entrance point into an enormous private safari concession which extends over 450,000 hectares, with black rhinos as their star attraction.  We spent the evening camped in the rather pricey main campground (N$ 410, or nearly US$ 30), where we took advantage of having running water and electricity to have much-needed showers, wash clothes, bake bread, pre-cook delicious baked beets and Bolognese sauce as well as some fine chicken curry.  That evening as we prepared for bed, a loud snuffling sound just beyond our campsite had the hair on the back of my neck standing on end:  it sounded big and near, and I wondered if a hyena was sniffing around for food scraps.  Instead our spotlight picked out a new animal for us:  a porcupine.  He was enormous and comical, with his quills sticking straight up off his back like a Mohawk, and a shuffling, hesitant gait to go along with his loud sniffing.  Two new animals in one day!  We went to bed happy.

The rugged track through Palmwag Concession
The next morning I rolled our flat tire over to the tire repair shop at the lodge.  As I had feared, since the rock had punctured the sidewall, there was no hope of patching it.  Instead we bought a new tire and spent some time reattaching it to the underside of Stanley.  Before driving off, we walked around the grounds of the Palmwag Lodge, a beautifully landscaped spot looking out over a dry riverbed that’s apparently a favourite among desert elephants.  We saw lots of familiar bird species, and then retreated to Stanley for a delicious meal of roasted beets and potatoes.  We then packed up, bought a permit for camping in the back country of the Palmwag Concession and drove into the concession for an overnight exploratory drive.

Perfect campsite in Palmwag Concession
The landscape was rugged, red and unrelenting, making for driving that was of a similar difficulty to what Terri had driven over the two previous days.  We took lots of smaller tracks, looking for game, but we saw little other than one tiny steenbok and a hardy gemsbok.  We stopped in at Van Zyl’s Gat, a scenic gorge in the dry river valley, and then continued along to the “campsite” at the confluence of the (dry) Barab and Awab rivers.  It was just a point on the map, with no facilities, but Stanley had full water tanks, a full larder drawer and a full refrigerator, so we were completely self-sufficient.  It was a very pretty spot to camp, and we relaxed in the shade of an enormous tree, out of the harsh sun, before Terri kindled a roaring fire and we cooked up spaghetti Bolognese on our gas stove.  The campfire was perfect, and we looked forward to exploring the river bed on foot the next morning.  I pulled out my faithful Martin Backpacker guitar for some tunes, but discovered that after 16 years of faithful, intensive service it was failing; the glue that holds it together was dying in the dry desert air, and the soundboard was cracking; as a result the neck had twisted and it was no longer possible to tune it in such a way that all chords sounded good.  I improvised by tuning it to sound OK in E and transposing all the songs into E, but it was clearly nearing the end of its useful life.

Desert wood, Palmwag
There were rhino droppings everywhere on the ground, so we were hopeful of spotting a black rhino.  Just before we went to bed, we couldn’t resist the urge to experiment by burning some of the rhino poo; after all, in other treeless areas of the world, like Tibet, dried herbivore dung is burned as fuel.  It burned well, but it definitely had a fairly rank odour that lingered throughout the night, much to Terri’s annoyance.  We chalked that up as an experiment that was worth trying once, but only once.

We slept well in the chilly silence of the desert, disturbed only by the nearby yipping of jackals at 4 am.  The following day we woke up to windless loveliness at our campsite, and went out for a walk along the riverbed.  It was once again a perfect setting for a walk, utterly isolated from other humans, full of birds and rhino tracks and poo.  Unfortunately the lack of wind attracted flies, and they latched onto us as the only nearby source of moisture and food, so we ended up cutting short our walk and retreating to Stanley.  We drove up the Barab River, through stark, rugged, beautiful landscape.  It was non-trivial driving for Terri, with plenty of technical challenge, but we were rewarded with a lot more wildlife than we had seen in the last few days in the arid areas.  We spotted a small herd of kudu making their way across a gravel plain, a large herd of springbok and several scattered gemsbok.  We also spotted a couple of ostriches and two magnificent giraffe; search as we might, there were no elephants or rhinos to be seen. 

Desert totem, Palmwag
The Palmwag Concession is supposed to be home to the majority of Namibia’s free-ranging rhinos, and they run an expensive high-end camp, the Desert Rhino Camp, in the southeast section of the concession; they seem to have very good luck in spotting the rhinos, but we had looked at prices and decided that we weren’t ready to shell out that kind of money.  Another thing that puts Palmwag on the self-drive 4x4 map is its access, at the northern end, to the Hoanib River, a well-known dry riverbed that provides a test of 4x4 driving ability.  Since we had unexpectedly just had a similar experience a few days before, we didn’t feel any need to try again, especially with rumours of further rain and flooding coming.

By 1:40 we had looped back to the exit from the concession and regained the main C43 gravel road.  Drained by another two days of hard off-road driving, Terri gladly handed over the wheel to me and let me cover in 90 minutes the same distance we had done in two days.  As we drove along the road, the landscape changed subtly, becoming slightly less arid.  It was still very dry and dusty, but now settlements and villages began to pop up along the road.  Our perfect desert isolation was over.  We were now leaving behind Damaraland and entering Kaokoland, the home of the Ovahimbapeople, the most colourful of Namibia’s ethnic groups.

Kaokoland:  The Himba Heartland

Desert giraffe, Palmwag
It was at this point that our lack of in-depth research cost us.  We drove along the main road towards the turnoff to Sesfontein, and then turned right, away from Sesfontein, on a direct route towards Opuwa and Epupa Falls.  As it turned out, this route lies too far from the coast to be through uninhabited arid land suitable for wild camping.  Looking it up afterwards, we would have had a better chance of finding wild places to camp had we turned left, driven past Sesfontein and towards Purros, much closer to the coast.  On our chosen route, there were villages every few kilometres and herders driving cattle and goats everywhere inbetween.  We were crossing the Joubertsberge, a highland area, and it was difficult even to see where it would be possible to drive off the road in most places.  Keeping our eyes peeled unsuccessfully for wild camping spots, we ended up driving all the way to Opuwa, where we arrived in the late afternoon.  After days of passing through bush and tiny settlements, Opuwa was a shock, a big town, regional capital and service centre to the surrounding Kunene region.  We were filling Stanley’s tanks with diesel when I suddenly wondered why we were tilting to one side.  I walked around behind Stanley and found one of our back tires almost flat.  I asked to use the gas station’s air compressor, only to find that it was out of order.  I pulled out our small compressor and refilled the tire, but the sound of air rushing out convinced me that we weren’t going to get far on this tire. Luckily there was a tiny tire repair joint across the road, and after some hard bargaining we got the gash repaired.  We both wondered, only half jokingly, whether the tire repair people spread tacks across the road just outside town; our flat tire had clearly happened not very long ago, and the repair shop was doing a very brisk business.

We had given up on wild camping for that evening, and sunset was drawing near, but Opuwa didn’t appeal to either of us as a place to spend the night.  We drove off towards Epupa Falls, looking for wild camping possibilities (it was too densely settled) and following a GPS suggestion that there was a community campsite ahead.  We found it (despite a distinct lack of signs) at the Ovahimba Living Museum, about 45 km from Opuwa.  It was after sunset and the campsite was devoid of other customers, but it turned out to be an inspired serendipitous choice.  The young Ovahimba man who ran the place, John, was engaging and funny and full of information.  We fired up a campfire to sit around after dinner and were just settling in for a good chinwag when the skies opened up and sent Terri and I scuttling back to Stanley and our bed.

Owl droppings, full of tiny bones and claws
The next morning (Monday, February 27th) we woke up to a beautiful setting, with dense bush spilling down the slopes of a large hill and a big cave right behind us.  I woke up early to the sound of birds, but despite some assiduous searching, I found it hard to spot anything.  Eventually, though, I was rewarded with my first spotting of a Damara hornbill high in the trees.  We walked up to the cave with John in search of San paintings.  There are a few, but they’re chipped, faded and blackened by smoke.  On the positive side, though, the setting and the view from the cave are magnificent, and the cave is also home to a resident owl and several bats.  We didn’t spot the owl itself, but we found its droppings, full of tiny bones and claws from the small nocturnal animals it hunts.  We returned to Stanley for breakfast and to pack up, then went across to the Living Museum itself, another project started by the entrepreneurial John. 

Himba baby
We found a small village of wood and adobe huts, lived in by maybe 10 families.  John was quite proud of the fact that the people in this village wear traditional clothing uncorrupted by cheap Chinese textiles.  We paid a fairly reasonable admission price (N$ 250, if I remember correctly) which paid for a song-and-dance show.  I am often not a big fan of this sort of cultural tourism, as it often seems staged and artificial, but this was different.  There were five Ovahimba women, magnificent with their ochre-and-mud plaited hairdos, their bare breasts and their babies on their backs, and four Ovahimba men, athletic and tough.  They stood in a semi-circle, slightly self-conscious as they sang and clapped, and after a while one or two of them would detach from the group to dance.  Terri and I both got invited up to dance, and it really was a lot of fun.  After a while, as the dancing died away, we walked around the village, chatting (through John) with the women.  It was neatly kept, and as John pointed out, there was no plastic rubbish littering the ground as is so often the case in Africa.  




The project seems to provide an economic basis for these villagers to continue living their traditional lifestyles with their goats and cattle and maize crops while generating enough cash income to function in the modern economy.  We were impressed by the pottery that the village produced, and the potter, the oldest female dancer, posed proudly with her creations.  On a sadder note her son sat beside the village in a wheelchair selling souvenirs and handicrafts; he had been injured in a car crash months earlier and was finding it difficult to get any medical care, even in the town of Opuwa.  His condition was apparently improving, but only very slowly, and he clearly would have benefited from proper physiotherapy.  Seeing cases like this makes you realize that access to medical care, like access to decent education, is one of the key drivers in the great wave of urbanization taking place all over the world.
John and the man he's trying to help


Dancing at the Ovahimba Living Museum
We drove away from the Ovahimba Living Museum pleased with our luck in having stopped there.  There were no other commercial campgrounds to be seen along the road, and very few wild camping chances as the countryside continued to be fairly populated.  We drove 145 km north along a decent dirt road, gradually descending from the plateau towards the Kunene River which forms the northern border of Namibia with Angola.  It was dry, dusty country, but the dryness and dustiness was increased by the obvious overgrazing by goats.  We found ourselves longing for the unpopulated wilderness of a few days previously.  By 2:00 we had arrived in Epupa village.  After looking through all 3 of the main possibilities, we settled on Epupa Camping; since we were planning to spend a couple of nights, we wanted a good location, and Epupa Camping, despite the above-average cost of N$320, offered the most isolation and the best views.  We chatted with our neighbours, went for a run (Terri was finally able to run on her injured leg for the first time in 5 months) and had one of our best-ever sunsets.  However as we polished off the end of our spaghetti Bolognese it began to rain and we took shelter under our awning, glad that we had upgraded from our previous toy awning.

Epupa sunset
Epupa Falls:  the main cataract
Tuesday was the last day of February and it was a delightful day of no driving.  We lazed over breakfast, then walked along the Kunene River downstream to the falls themselves.  Namibia is a country almost without rivers; other than the Caprivi Strip, its two permanently-flowing rivers are theKunene, forming the northern border with Angola, and the Orange River, forming the southern border with South Africa.  After weeks of driving around the country without seeing flowing surface water, it was a bit overwhelming to see the volume of flow surging over the falls and plunging down into a narrow cleft in the rock.  The Kunene is fed by rainfall in the highlands of Angola, and looks strangely out of place flowing through the dry semi-desert of northwestern Namibia.  We picked our way downstream, getting different views of the falls; like Iguazu Falls in South America, it’s composed of perhaps a hundred separate waterfalls spaced out over a length of a kilometre and a half, and it looked very different from every spot we stopped for photos.  We had a good hike and spotted lots of birds.  As an oasis of moisture in a very dry part of the country, the Kunene River attracts a lot of birds not seen in the rest of Namibia, and lots of the tourists at Epupa Falls were keen birders.  I found it equally alluring to gaze across the river at forbidden Angola and wonder what it would be like to explore.  We had found a year before that as non-residents in South Africa, the Angolans wouldn’t give us a visa in Cape Town; if we ever do want to drive Stanley north into Angola, we’ll have to get visas ahead of time in Canada and New Zealand (or the Netherlands and Switzerland?).  We walked back to our campsite, lunched and then spent the afternoon running, reading and sorting photos.  As we went to bed after eating the last of our curry (that one night at Palmwag Lodge campsite had produced a lot of food for the following days), it began to spit rain again.

An overview of Epupa Falls
Wednesday, March 1st we woke up to grey skies, and after a quick breakfast of muesli, it began to rain a little more seriously as we packed up.  We were driving upstream along the Kunene on what had once been a hair-raising 4WD track; it had very recently been improved into a proper gravel road, and what had once taken 2 days was over in two and a half hours, as we rolled into the small town of Swartbooisdrift after 80 fairly uneventful kilometres.  The new road was in great shape and led through pretty country right beside the river, dotted with tiny Ovahimba villages.  It was just as well that the road was good, as it started to rain harder.  We congratulated ourselves on having survived the worst stretch of road and continued driving along the river towards Ruacana Falls.

Epupa Falls
The self-congratulation was rather premature, as it became immediately clear that the work crews had not yet gotten to this part of the road.  There was no gravel base and no drainage, and with the heavy rain the clay surface of the road was as slippery as a skating rink.  It was only 35 km to the end of the track and the beginning of asphalt at Ruacana and it took over 3 hours of white-knuckle 4WD work by Terri.  We spun sideways half a dozen times, and once or twice began to slide sideways on the slight camber of the track straight towards a drop into the river.  The absolute worst, though, was near the end when we had to drive down a steep hill on slippery clay; we were in low-range 4WD and still nearly ended up facing backwards in the ditch.  It was an impressive tribute to Terri’s driving skills that we arrived in one piece at Ruacana Falls.  We had planned to camp there, but it was still bucketing down rain and we decided to use up the poor weather in travelling, rather than camping in a downpour.  Ruacana Falls had apparently once rivalled Epupa for its awe-inspiring beauty, but a huge hydroelectric dam now diverts most of the flow through turbines. 

Along the Caprivi Strip

Himba women with spectacular hairstyles
At the town of Ruacana the road finally pulled away from the Kunene River and entered into the flat, rather dull agricultural heartland of Namibia.  Namibia is divided in two by an agricultural fence, the Red Line; to the south of this line there are big commercial farms, and to the north lie communal lands.  Since the commercial farmers are mostly white and the communal farmers are almost entirely black, that Red Line is sort of the boundary between the white and black areas of the country, although there’s no formal apartheid-style separation of the races like that.  The area through which we were passing, the home territory of the Owambo people, is not inherently interesting, so we wanted to zip through at speed on the way to the Caprivi Strip.  However, the upshot of being north of the Red Line (we had passed through it just outside Palmwag) was that there are very few fences around farms, leaving cows and goats to roam freely across the road.  Between the cows and the continuing rain, we made slower progress than you might expect.  We ended up camped in the junction town of Ondangwa in a “rest camp” that was really a big muddy parking lot around a loud restaurant.  There had been so much rain there that day that Stanley sank right into the ground and we needed to engage 4WD low range to get him out again.  We were tired and settled for a pizza at the restaurant before collapsing into bed, where we tried to sleep through the racket being made by our drunk neighbours.

Me with two of the Himba dancers
The next day was not one of the finest days of our trip.  We were on our way towards Livingstone, Zambia, for the last time on this trip to do some work at Terri’s school there, the Olive Tree Learning Centre.  It was a long, long drive, so we made decent kilometres that day along a monotonous road full of straying livestock and not much else.  It had been raining heavily over the previous few days and the ground beside the road was saturated and full of puddles.  (Two weeks later this area would completely flood as a pulse of water draining from the Angolan highlands arrived downstream and overflowed the banks of the dry river channels.  The El Nino drought is most certainly over in most of southern Africa.)  Partway along the road we noticed that our indicator lights were behaving strangely, sometimes not going on, sometimes going on but not flashing.  We decided that this was the sort of thing that traffic cops would fine us for, so we thought it would be a good idea to go to an auto electrician to get it sorted out.  The sizeable town of Rundu seemed like a good spot to do this; looking for campgrounds on our GPS and our Kavango tourist map, we found a few likely-looking camps just west of Rundu and set course for them.

The Kavango River, better knowndownstream in Botswana as the Okavango River (as in the Okavango Delta) joined us from Angola not too far west of Rundu, and since it is a legendary fishing and birdwatching river, its banks are dotted with campgrounds.  The first one we tried, about 50 km outside Rundu, was impassable thanks to flooding; we tried to drive in, but the water and mud just kept getting deeper and deeper, while a sign recommended driving along a nearby road and then taking a boat.  We gave up and decided to stay right in Rundu town, which turned out to be a very expensive mistake.  The first campground we looked at in Rundu was rejected because it looked run-down and a bit too much like the municipal campground in Upington where our chairs and table got stolen.  Instead we opted for the Sarusungu River Lodge on the outskirts of town, right on the banks of the Kavango River looking out towards Angola.  We found a pretty site on the lawn and set up camp.  There were plenty of birds to look at, and the rain that hit just as we arrived had stopped in time for a nice campfire and braai.  We sat outside eating, drinking wine and enjoying the atmosphere.

A proud potter and one of her pots
As we were going to bed, we couldn’t find Terri’s binoculars, which I had put inside the cab of the truck just before dinner.  We didn’t think too much about this, but the next morning, as we were cooking up a feast of bacon and eggs, I had another look and realized that not only were her binoculars not in the cab of the truck, neither were my binoculars nor my camera bag.  With a horrifying sinking feeling, we realized that while we were eating the previous night, someone had sneaked up behind the truck, opened the driver’s side door and grabbed what he could from the interior.  My camera equipment, which had served me so well for a decade of travel, was gone.

The rest of the morning was a complete write-off.  We told the hotel manager, who (only now!) told us that there was no night security guard, an absolute necessity at any well-run campsite.  He called the police and after a long wait some detectives came out to investigate.  They struck me as pretty competent, so I had some faint hope that they might eventually recover the stolen gear, but our experience at the police station in town, where we had to go to open the case officially, put an end to this fond hope.  We stood in line (if a milling scrum can be considered a line) while the desk officers kept their heads down and studiously ignored everyone.  After an hour and a half, we only got served because one of the detectives wandered by and we collared him and enlisted his help.  A very bored female officer filled out the form and gave us a case number and we were finally free to go.

The great irony is that the only reason we wanted to stop near Rundu was to get the indicator lights seen to, and as we left town, the only auto electrician we could find online was nowhere to be found in the physical world of Rundu.  We drove off, materially poorer and with malfunctioning indicator lights, not in the best of moods.  We looked in at River Dance Lodge as we continued east along the Kovango:  it was a soggy 4WD slog to get there from the highway, and while it was pretty, it was pricey (N$600 a night for the two of us, or nearly US$ 45, just to camp) so we turned it down and continued along the road towards the junction town of Divundu.  We picked another camp along the river, Ngepi Camp, from our guidebook, plugged it into the GPS and drove along as the afternoon turned to evening, looking for it.  It was about 10 km down the road towards the Botswana Border and 4 km along an exceedingly muddy track decorated with very amusing road signs.  We pulled into camp in complete darkness and had dinner at the restaurant before setting up camp and retiring to bed.

Amazing hairdo!
We discovered in the morning that we had chosen well.  Ngepi is an oasis ofbeauty along the river, well run and cleverly designed, with lots of quirky, amusing names and structures.  The toilets and bathrooms each have great views, usually over the river, and each campsite is nestled beside the river, sheltered from its neighbours by generous stands of trees.  The place is a birdwatcher’s dream, with different sets of species in and around the river, in the dense riverine thickets and in the grasslands further inland.  The camp sprawls a long way along the river, but never feels overcrowded, even when a big overland truck pulls in (they have their own separate part of the complex).  There are fairly luxurious riverside cottages and “tree houses” for those who aren’t camping, and 22 campsites for the likes of us.  It was a beautiful place to unwind and to try to forget the theft.  We had a long, leisurely breakfast of pancakes and bacon, went for a few exploratory walks, ran, did some yoga beside the river and then sheltered from another torrential downpour in the later afternoon.  We had some penne with a salmon and cream sauce (we were trying to eat our way through our dry food and tinned supplies) and then sat around a fire once the rain had abated, sipping fine pinotage wine and enjoying the sounds of the night, including the nearby splashing and grunting of hippos and the sound of elephants across the Kavango River in the national park.

It was such a lovely place that we resolved to return to stay there in a few days as our farewell to Namibia.  We were down to very few days left on the continent; it was now the evening of March 4th, and we were flying out of Windhoek on the morning of March 16th.  After a year of travel, being down to 12 days on the clock was a bit sad, and we wanted to make sure that we made them all count.

A Zambian Sidetrip

On Sunday, March 5th we had a long day of driving to get to Livingstone, Zambia.  We drove to the eastern end of the Caprivi Strip, then southeast into Botswana at Ngoma Bridge.  We cut across Chobe National Park on the transit road (on which you don’t have to pay park fees); we spotted a few baboons and impala, and a magnificent male sable antelope.  From Kasane, at the eastern end of the park, we continued to the ferry at Kazungula, where we crossed into the unpleasant chaos of a Zambian border crossing; after the orderly, organized border crossings in South Africa, Namibia and Botswana, it was a rude return to reality.  We fought our way through the chaos, paid our extortionate visa and car import fees (they added up to over US$ 150 between the two of us) and drove the final 60 km into Livingstone.  We headed directly to the calm of Olga’s Italian Corner for a celebratory meal, then set up camp at JollyboysCampsite, where we had spent two weeks back in August.

Himba singing
The two full days we spent in Livingstone were, in fact, full, packed with errands and jobs to do.  Terri wanted to make sure that Olive Tree Learning Centre (OTLC), the community pre-school and primary school that she has supported and worked with and fundraised for over the past decade, was on firm financial footing.  In 2016 the last-ever group of students from Kumon Leysin Academy in Switzerland (KLAS), Terri’s school, had come for 10 unforgettable days, having raised a bumper crop of donations.  Much of that was spent on building a new school building that allows OTLC to go up to grade 3 this year and grade 4 next year, as well as providing space for a library, computer classroom and space for income-generating activities.  Terri spent a lot of time getting the banking and bureaucratic details of running the school sorted out, and we got to see the new building in full use.  Terri even bought a sit-down toilet for the school latrine for the teachers and any future volunteers to use.  I was amazed at the atmosphere of calm, studious activity that we saw at the school; the various teachers have grown and matured into their roles and now lead their classes with great confidence.  I always feel proud of Terri’s accomplishments when I see OTLC, and never more so than on this visit.  I hope that OTLC continues to grow and thrive while giving hundreds of young Zambians a chance to get a solid educational grounding for their futures.

At the end of the second day, we went out for one last sunset at the Royal Livingstone Hotel, where our trip began almost exactly one year earlier.  As usual there was a dramatic sunset over the Zambezi River that lit up the plumes of water vapour rising from Victoria Falls.  There was a sense of closure, of completing a year-long circle, as we sat there basking in the last embers of the gloaming.  From now on, everything would be backtracking back to Windhoek.

Wednesday, March 8th found us retracing the day-long trek back across Botswana to the Caprivi Strip.  Once again the Zambian side of Kazungula was a disgraceful mayhem, with a mafia of touts and would-be car-watchers, liars and scam artists besieging the border crossers.  It felt good to roll off onto the other side into the calm of Botswana.  We had a series of slight delays that all added up to us rolling back into Ngepi Camp well after dark, where we took the most distant and isolated of the campsites, number 22, which we had scouted out during our previous visit.

The Final Days:  A Charmed Existence

We spent four delightful nights and three indolent days in Ngepi, watching the river flow by, sheltering from the persistent rain (it finally let up the day before we left), trying to fish (I managed to lose all my remaining hooks and sinkers, along with a rather nice lure borrowed from the camp office, on snags.  No fish were harmed in my attempts to fish.)  Terri and I, acutely aware of how little time we had left, savoured every evening with its campfire, braai, wine, stars and sounds of hippos.  It seemed as though this past year had been leading up to this, camping in an area of great natural beauty, watching birds, cooking, eating well, going for runs in the bush, talking with interesting fellow travellers (a couple from Martha’s Vineyard were particularly interesting; he is a scuba instructor who has worked all over the world, further firing my desire to do the same over the next few years; they are travelling with a drone, and had some great footage of hippos taken over the river), and generally relaxing and drinking in how fortunate we have been to do such a wonderful, life-altering trip. 

Stanley at our first desert campsite in Damaraland
Despite our complete lack of binoculars and camera, we still managed to tick off a few new bird species:  the chirping cisticola, the grey-backed camaroptera, the yellow-bellied greenbul and the African barred owlet.  I was particularly proud of our spotting of the owlet, as we heard it calling in the night while we were sitting by the campfire.  We recognized it as an unfamiliar call, and thought it sounded owl-like, so we sneaked up on the source of the sound quietly until we could see it silhouetted against the moonlight, then turned on our spotlight and saw it very clearly for five seconds before it flew off in annoyance.  The majority of the South African and Namibian tourists at Ngepi were there either for the birding (there were some very serious twitchers around) or the fishing, so we felt we were making the most of the opportunities for both.

Our last night at Ngepi, Saturday March 11th, was almost elegiac, as we had so few nights left inside Stanley.  We had had our first rainless day in a long time, and I braaied some luscious lamb chops over the embers of our wood fire before we stoked it up again into a roaring inferno.  That was the night that we tracked down our owlet, and we basked in the glow of our achievement as we sipped our crisply chilled Sauvignon Blanc and followed it up with the last of our Bowmore Black Rock single malt, which we had been carrying around for a couple of months.  The moon was almost full and lit up the ripples on the fast-flowing Kavango, and we heard the hippos splashing disconcertingly nearby.  It could not have been a more fitting ending to the outward leg of Stanley’s Travels.

We still had a long drive back to Windhoek, and we did it in one long day (515 km) to near Grootfontein, and two shorter days (343 km and 260 km) to Otjira Lodge and Trans-Kalahari Lodge.  Leaving Ngepi, we were awoken in the pre-dawn by hippos who had been out grazing and who were snorting directly beside Stanley; we were glad to be sleeping well above ground level!  Then as we made breakfast we could hear a distinctive animal sound from across the river, like a handsaw cutting through a log; the owner of Ngepi was passing by from his house (just beside campsite 22) and told us that it was a leopard.  We had a prolonged look across the river, but although the sound continued and moved upstream, we never spotted the leopard.  We drove to Rundu and stopped in briefly at the useless police station, where we got no help at all on the case of the stolen camera, then angled south towards Grootfontein.  We passed through the Red Line at a veterinary checkpoint (as usual, no meat and fresh animal products are to be taken from the communal farming area to the north into the foot-and-mouth-free zone of commercial farms to the south of the fence) and suddenly the landscape was transformed.  Gone were the sprawling villages and livestock standing in the middle of the road; in their place were huge, almost empty tracts of commercial farmland.  Just before Grootfontein we turned off towards Bush Baby Lodge (not to be confused with the lovely spot we camped near Hluhluwe National Park over New Year’s Eve) and camped in a sadly neglected campground there.  It was a lovely setting, and we had the obligatory campfire and braai, grilling up a boerewors, the delicious farmer’s sausages to which we had become addicted over the past couple of months.  It was the last full moon of the trip and it peeked out briefly between clouds before we retired to bed.

Monday, March 13th we continued south to Otjiwarongo, where we did our last grocery shopping of the trip, then visited the amazing AfriCat foundation south of town.  A jovial ex-teacher named Johan, whom we had last seen as the temporary manager of Trans-Kalahari Inn a month ago in Windhoek, had just started working as the educational outreach officer at AfriCat and Terri was curious to see the operation and to investigate the possibility of having a group of overseas students come and do a few days at the educational camp.  AfriCat is doing for leopards and cheetahs what Moholoholo is doing in South Africa for all sorts of wildlife:  providing a place to rehabilitate big cats who are involved in conflict with local farmers and villagers.  It was a beautiful place, and we are both keen to go back sometime leading a school group, as it would be an unforgettable experience of a lifetime for high school students.  Bidding a fond farewell to Johan, we drove back towards Otjiwa Lodge, a place we had stayed at a month previously on our wayback from Etosha.  We camped again in campsite 10, the furthest removed from the lodge and from other campers, and had our last night in Stanley.  Luckily the weather was perfect, the campfire blazed merrily and we had a claret sunset that took our breath away, even after the hundreds of great sunsets we had seen over the previous twelve months.  The just-past-full moon rose in the east an hour later in a blaze of orange glory just as we were tucking into some sosaties (skewers of meat, vegetables and other goodies) and the best baked sweet potato either of us had ever tasted.  We lingered beside the fire as I played tunes on the hopelessly out-of-tune cracked ruin of my Martin guitar, reluctant to say goodbye to an outdoors lifestyle that we had been perfecting right up until the end.  Finally, though, we crawled up into bed to sleep on our ridiculously thick and comfortable mattress, lulled to sleep by the now-familiar sounds of the African night.

And then, suddenly, shockingly, it was over.  We drove into Windhoek the next morning and stopped to spend N$ 150 (US$ 11) to get Stanley thoroughly washed and cleaned, inside and out.  We made it to Trans-Kalahari Inn in the early afternoon, just ahead of a tremendous rainstorm, and had a long afternoon siesta, suddenly tired now that all the travelling was over.  Terri cooked up the last fabulous lamb stew of the trip and we struggled with poor quality internet, trying to arrange our post-Stanley travels and lives.

Wednesday, March 15th found us busy all day, cleaning, packing and putting Stanley away.  We pulled out almost everything from inside, cleaned what we could with a shop vac and lots of soap and water and elbow grease, then packed away everything that we weren’t taking with us.  It was a lot of work, but worth it.  By the end of the day (which was mercifully sunny and dry) Stanley was spic and span and ready for a year (or two) in storage.  We had decided in the end to store him at Trans-Kalahari, since Ondekaremba seemed to have security issues; after the debacle in Rundu, security was paramount in our minds.  There are a lot of vehicles stored at Trans-Kalahari, many of them Dutch and German and Swiss; their owners have mostly shipped them down to Walvis Bay and fly down once or twice a year to do a month’s travelling.  

We paid our fees (at N$ 6000, or US$ 450 for a year, it’s a relative bargain) and on the morning of Thursday, March 16th we drove Stanley into one of the huge hangars on the property, handed over the keys and caught a lift to the nearby airport.  A blur of flights (Windhoek-Johannesburg-Dubai, where Terri and I parted ways after 19 months of being almost inseparable, then Dubai-Auckland for her and Dubai-Toronto-Thunder Bay).  Eight and a half months of overland travel around southern Africa, some 35, 178 kilometres, were at an end, but already we were thinking about where we want to go the next time we fly to Windhoek to start Stanley’s Travels 2.0.  (Spoiler alert:  Damaraland and the Kaokoveld figure prominently in these plans!) 

It's only been 4 weeks since we left Namibia, and already it seems a lifetime and half a world away. It's astonishing how quickly we adjust to another mode of existence!  Stay tuned for a few more blog posts and an updated Google Map over the next few weeks as I try to tease out the absolute best places and experiences from what has been an amazing trip in every respect.



Friday, March 31, 2017

First adventures in Namibia (January-February 2017)


Rock patterns in Etosha

Thunder Bay, March 29, 2017

So now I'm only two months behind on my blog.  With any luck, within a week I might have brought everything up to date; it feels good to be catching up, rather than falling further behind!

First Steps in Namibia:  Quiver Trees and Rainstorms

When I last left you, we were entering Namibia, my 132nd country and number 78 on Terri's life list. We immediately lost the asphalt road that we had been following on the South African side of the border, but the Namibian dirt road was in excellent condition and it was easy to steam along at 75 km/h in comfort and safety.  There was next to no traffic as there was next to no population on this dry landscape.  We stopped in briefly for fuel and to pay our road tolls (N$ 259, or about US$20) in the small town of Aroab, then continued along our way.  The landscape had changed, becoming more varied and dramatic than on the other side of the border, with escarpments, plains, pans, tiny volcanic cones and dramatic haphazard piles of huge fractured boulders.  We made our way to Keetmanshoop and continued 15 km out of town to the lovely oasis of the Quiver Tree Forest.  

Terri looks very nervous as she pets the cheetah!
Quiver trees (Aloe dichotoma) are endemic to Namibia and the Northern Cape in South Africa. They're a distinctive tree, with fat trunks and stubby branches slightly reminiscent of baobabs, but with a golden flaky bark and a few more leaves.  The campsite is on the edge of one of the densest concentrations of these trees to be found anywhere, and is a wonderful spot to stay; we liked it so much that we stayed an extra day!  It's on a commerical farm, and one of the highlights is the fact that the farmer, Coenrad, has four cheetahs who were found abandoned as babies and raised by him. At 5:30 pm every day he feeds them, and allows his guests to come into the enclosures with him and pet the oldest, tamest cheetah on the head while she devours her meat.  It was a slightly unnerving activity, as the picture of Terri shows:  it's hard to be completely at ease when you're that close to a big hungry cat!  Coenrad also has a pet warthog, and I was never very comfortable around it either, with its huge tusks.  Later events would confirm my instinctive unease.







Rosy-faced lovebirds at Quiver Tree Forest
That night we cooked up a pot of spaghetti and Terri ended up hiding in the cab of Stanley as a massive thunderstorm swept in, complete with huge gusts of wind and dramatic flashes of lightning. I was on cooking duty, so I put on my raincoat and got wet until supper was ready, then climbed into Stanley to eat.  It was rather ironic that we had come to Namibia to escape the rains in South Africa only to get rained on apocalyptically on the first night in the country!

We slept poorly, as the storm left and returned twice more with flashes of lightning, stertorous thunder and deafening impacts of huge raindrops on Stanley's aluminum roof.  In addition I had left the waterproof window flaps unzipped to give us some fresh air, so by the time I had woken up and realized what was happening, our bedding and mattress had gotten quite wet.  We woke up at 8:15 and had a lazy big breakfast, deciding over bacon and eggs to stay another night.  I did some juggling and played some guitar before the clouds parted suddenly and illuminated the quiver trees.  I grabbed my camera and Terri and I headed over to walk around, admiring the other-worldly boulders and trees.  It was very pretty, with the golden bark contrasting beautifully with the deep blue sky.




Quiver tree bark
I did some yoga that morning, and then saw even better light break out on the quiver trees, so I ran off to take some more photos.  When I got back to Stanley, Terri greeted me convulsed in giggles. When she finally was able to speak, she pointed to my yoga mat, and I saw that it was shredded.  She said that she had turned her back, and when she looked around, the warthog was busy destroying the mat.  Coenrad wasn't terribly surprised, and kindly gave me a blue camping foam mat to use.  I guess it was an example of a downward-facing hog position?

Love the toes raised to stay off the hot rock
Blue-headed agama at Giant's Playground
We then pulled out the bicycles and rode 5 km up the dirt road (it was a bit washboarded, making cycling a bit annoying) to the Giant's Playground, another scenic spot owned by Coenrad.  It was now genuinely hot in the blazing midday sun, but we still walked dutifully around the hiking trail, taking photos of the dramatically perched boulders.  It was actually the wildlife that caught our eye even more, with gaily-coloured lizards sunning themselves atop each outcrop, many of them the spectacular blue-headed agama (Agama atra).  There were plenty of birds as well, and the views out over the seemingly endless expanse of ancient boulders made us feel like very insignificant time travellers.  

Quiver Tree Forest
Properly baked by the sun and the infrared radiation off the hot rocks, we cycled back to the Quiver Tree Forest; it was a lot easier going downwind and downhill!  It was nice to beat the heat in the swimming pool, but I managed to drag myself away for a run before flopping back into the pool.  We watched the cheetah feeding again, and then bought ourselves some game meat from Coenrad.  Terri stir-fried some springbok for dinner, battling a huge wind that blew out the flame on our gas stove twice. We managed to finish eating and wash up before the night's storm blew in. 

Quiver Tree Forest
Tuesday, January 24th we were up and off in reasonable time, but we lingered a bit in the metropolis of Keetmanshoop getting ourselves sorted for our new country:  groceries, SIM cards, Namibian dollars and a new pair of reading glasses for Terri.  I also climbed under the vehicle for my daily top-up of the transfer case oil, a process at which I was becoming more and more adept.  We eventually set off north along the asphalt of the B1, the main north-south highway, eating meat pies and listening to an audiobook until we heard a noise from the back.  I stopped and had a look, but didn't see anything obviously wrong.  I set off again, but within thirty seconds I realized something was drastically wrong.  The initial sound had been the sound of a back tire puncturing, and by now it was flat and the tire was a shredded mass of rubber.  It took nearly an hour to change the tire, most of that time being spent on the irritating process of removing the spare tire from underneath the camper.  We put the wrecked tire inside Stanley and drove off in search of a tire dealership.




More quiver trees
In the town of Mariental we found a garage that sold us a nice new tire and mounted it, and put it back under the camper (the longest part of the operation, even for trained professionals).  It was now too late to drive to Sesriem as we had planned, so we decided to find a place to stay in the vicinity. We ended up in the Hardap Nature Reserve, a small wildlife park based around a big water reservoir about 20 km outside Mariental.  It was a surprisingly beautiful spot, well set up for domestic tourists. There were excellent camping facilities and a lot of well-built cottages, and a fabulous view out over the reservoir.  Terri cooked up some lasagne in our oven and we sat outside around a campfire until (inevitably) a downpour rolled in and drove us inside and to bed.  That made three straight nights of heavy rain, and it was starting to annoy us.

Namib Nights:  The Beautiful Dunes of Sossusvlei

The next morning we were up by 6:45 and rolling by 8:45.  We took some time to do a very short game drive inside the game reserve before leaving; we had been told that there were black rhinos to be seen, but we saw none of them.  A few gemsboks and springbok did make an appearance and lots of ostriches pecked away at the grass on the plains next to the reservoir, but the jeep track was muddy and promised to get worse, so we eventually pulled the plug on the safari and headed off towards Sesriem.

Dessicated desert wood at Sesriem
We bumped our way back to Mariental, bought our usual lunch of steak pies and then drove west towards the coast and the Namib Desert.  The road was paved at first, and then turned into more excellent recently-graded gravel.  The scenery was fabulous, with sweeping vistas of canyons and a big descent from the interior plateau into a Tibetan-style gravel plain ringed by steep desert mountains.  Namibia was certainly delivering as promised on the landscape front.  We arrived in the tiny outpost of Sesriem at 4 pm, got our (very expensive) tent site and set up camp.  It's a big campsite, very popular with large overland trucks, although the tent sites are sufficiently widely spaced to give the illusion of being alone in the desert.  We bobbed in the pool for a while, although it was very crowded with overlanders, then went back to our campsite for juggling, yoga and dinner.  We watched a dramatic sunset, then stoked up a roaring campfire and sat out under the stars, revelling in the surroundings and the clear, rainless skies.









Ghostly early morning misty dunes at Sossusvlei
Sossusvlei morning
We were up very early the next morning for our visit out to the iconic sand dunes of Sossusvlei.  We were up at 4:45 and were the third vehicle through the access gate at 5:30.  It was still pretty dark as we sped along the paved road between unseen dunes.  Twice spotted hyenas appeared out of the darkness, loped across the asphalt and vanished again into the gloom.  It was 60 km to Sossusvlei, and as we passed Dune 45, scene of many a tourist snapshot, it got light enough to see that the dunes were enveloped in thick morning mist; we were not going to get a picture-perfect sunrise.  We drove on and arrived at the end of the pavement.  Since Stanley's 4WD wasn't working, we weren't comfortable trying to drive the last 4 km along a deep sand track, so we paid an outrageous N$ 150 (US$ 11) for a one-way lift to Sossusvlei itself, then set off on foot.





Tree in the pan at Sossusvlei
Sossusvlei is easily the most famous tourist sight in the entire country of Namibia.  The Namib Desert extends along the Atlantic Coast, and is full of high ancient sand dunes, but there is next to no access to the heart of this sand sea.  The only place where the average tourist can get into the dunes is here, where a dead-end road penetrates to within 50 km of the sea, and it is justifiably on everyone's Namibian itinerary.  As we walked across small salt pans and then up a huge red dune, we paused to look around at the mist still shrouding the nearby dunes; they weren't going anywhere just yet, and actually made for a good mysterious atmosphere in photos.  We got to the summit ridge of the huge Big Daddy Dune, then ran down to the bottom to a huge white pan that apparently fills with water once every few years after exceptional rains.





Sossusvlei trees
It actually looked at first glance as though there was water at the bottom, but closer inspection revealed that it was just the greyish rippled surface of the hard salty sand.  Ghostly trees stick out of the pan surface in a way that just begs to be photographed, and in places we could see where the movement of the huge dunes (they must be well over 100 metres high, not quite as high as the dunes at Dunhuang in China, but still pretty enormous) had partially buried the trees.  The ripples of the dunes are impressive, and make complicated four-sided or five-sided shapes that, seen from above, give the reason for their name of "star dunes".  We wandered around, taking photos of trees and dessicated wood and dunes and generally oohing and aahing at the picturesque beauty of the place, until the big tourist groups started arriving and we made our way back to the track.





Abstract shapes in the Sossusvlei pan
We had planned to walk back to where Stanley was parked, but as we hiked along, an empty shuttle vehicle came by and offered us an unofficial lift back for a reduced price, payable in cash to the driver.  We said yes, paid up our N$50 and held on as we slalomed along through the sand, past hapless tourists who were getting mired in sand going the other direction.  We pulled out our cooking gear and had a big breakfast of fried eggs before setting off on our second mission of the day, a hike out to lovely Hidden Vlei.  An indistinct line of wooden posts led across the desert towards the vlei (pan), and after 45 minutes of walking, we found ourselves looking down on a pan that was even more dramatic than Sossusvlei itself.  More photographs and admiring the views, and then it was time to trudge back to the parking lot.  

Sossusvlei dunes
We didn't want to drive all the way back to Sesriem, as we wanted to see the dunes later in the afternoon and maybe at sunset, so we popped Stanley's roof and slipped up into bed for a well-earned nap.  It was very hot indeed, but we had positioned Stanley under the only shade tree in the parking lot, and with the side flaps open, there was a strong cooling breeze blowing through, and we dozed, read and dozed some more until it was 4:30 pm and the parking lot was completely empty.  It was nice having this restful option for the hot part of the day.

Dunes between Sesriem and Sossusvlei
We drove back towards Sesriem with the idea of taking photos at Dune 45, the closest dune to the main road, but when we got there a big noisy group of Chinese tourists was shouting their way up the side of the dune, and it didn't look nearly as photogenic as we had hoped it would, so we decided to head back to Sesriem before dark.  It was a beautiful drive back between the sinous dunes, and we kept stopping for more photos.  We stirfried up some more springbok from Quiver Tree and then sat out under the stars with a crackling fire and some whisky.  It was an exceptionally clear night, and by the time we headed to bed, we had seen 15 separate satellites and 4 bright meteors in the sky, quite a satisfying total.






Canyons and Flamingoes:  The Road to the Coast

Part of the Kuiseb Canyon
It was distinctly cold at night at Sesriem, and I woke up regretting not using my down sleeping bag.  I topped up our transfer case oil (we seemed to be leaking about 150 ml a day, which meant that we had enough to last until we had to return to Windhoek) and we headed off northwest towards Walvis Bay and the coast.  It was a spectacular drive, along dirt roads that snaked past dramatic canyons, along a plateau backed by desolate rocky mountains and then through a crazed landscape of tilted strata dissected by the dry bed of the Kuiseb River.  We saw lots of signs for campgrounds along the road, and afterwards we realized that this area is a prime destination for people looking for isolated camping under the stars in the desert.  We cut through the Namib-Naukluft National Park, past intriguing-looking tracks leading to remote campsites, telling ourselves that in the future we would be back to explore in greater detail.  The Kuiseb Canyon was beautiful, and we saw in the distance Carp Cliff Cave, where German geologists Henno Martin and Hermann Korn spent part of their two years on the run during World War Two, told in the book The Sheltering Desert.  We climbed up the other side of the canyon and then we were on the desolate gravel plains that extend to the seashore.  By mid-afternoon we were driving into the orderly suburbs of Walvis Bay, a former British/South African enclave within Namibia, and setting up camp in a very urban campground called Lagoon Chalets. It was very windy indeed, and we were glad for the shelter of walls and trees, although it was still challenging to keep our stove lit.

We left Stanley and went out for a stroll towards the waters of Walvis Bay.  It's one of the most important birdwatching spots in all of southern Africa, with its shallows and salt flats drawing in dozens of waders and shore birds.  As soon as we got out to the wide walkway along the seafront, we saw a pink wave of lesser and greater flamingoes congregated in their hundreds.  We walked along, taking photos, and spotted other species:  pied avocets with their strange upturned beaks, various terns and gulls, and white-fronted plovers.  We had our eyes peeled for a relatively rare shorebird, the chestnut-banded plover, found in only a handful of locations, of which Walvis Bay is the most likely. Search as we might, we didn't see any of them, and after a while we were cold and tired of the raking wind, so we walked back to camp and supper.  I ended up chatting with our neighbours, a couple whose old Land Cruiser had a license plate that I didn't recognize.  It turned out to be Rwandan; he is Canadian and she is a Canadian who was Rwandan by birth, and they spent time every year in Rwanda, driving each year to other countries to explore.  It reminded us that we were only two border crossings from East Africa, where we had hoped to go on this leg of Stanley's Travels,  Perhaps next year?  I braaied some lamb chops for dinner and then sorted through photos after dinner.

Flamingoes at Walvis Bay
By this point we had made some executive decisions on our upcoming travel plans.  I picked a date out of the air (since we didn't yet know my father's surgery date) and decided that I would fly to Canada on March 16th, while Terri would head to New Zealand to see her family on the same date. We also knew that trying to tackle the rough tracks of Damaraland and the Kaokoveld, an area that we both wanted to visit, would be a bad idea without our 4WD working, and that we were going to be out of the country from February 7th to February 17th, doing some tour guiding in South Africa.  During that period of time, we wanted Stanley to be undergoing surgery to repair the transfer case and turn Stanley back into a proper 4WD vehicle.  Given those constraints, we decided that we would go up to Etosha National Park, and stop in at a garage in Windhoek to make arrangements for the transfer case work en route.  We would then poke around Etosha until it was time for our flight to Johannesburg.  We were also coming around to the idea that we might not be able to sell Stanley, at least not for the price we wanted for him, so finding a place to store him in Windhoek was also a priority.

Lone greater flamingo, Walvis Bay
Saturday, January 28th saw us getting up a bit lazily.  Terri was feeling a bit under the weather, and we wanted to do laundry before heading out, so we lingered over breakfast and internet before driving out to the shore for more birdwatching.  The wind had dropped a great deal, and birdwatching was a bit more enjoyable than the day before.  We drove along the shore south to the salt works, where some 90% of all of South Africa's salt is produced by evaporation, leaving intriguing patterns of crystal growth in the murky brine.  We did well on bird species, with greater and lesser flamingoes in great numbers, along with pied avocets, common sandpipers, ruddy turnstones, common terns and Cape teals.  If our 4WD had been working, we could have continued around the bay out to Pelican Point to see pelicans and seals, but that would have to wait for another visit.  It was wonderful to see all the birds lining the shore, such a contrast to the bleak gravel plains inland.  We even startled a pair of black-backed jackals drinking at a little pond; I wonder if they catch unwary birds from time to time?



Tennis and Logistics in Windhoek

Salt evaporation pool, Walvis Bay
From Walvis Bay we drove to Swakopmund, about 40 km along the Atlantic coast.  It's an area of tourist development, but to my eye it's too desolate and wind-swept to be really appealing.  It's very popular with fishermen, and every second pickup truck seemed to be carrying an array of long surf-casting rods, usually sticking up from the front bumper like a forest of CB radio aerials.  We got to Swakopmund, bought diesel and then decided to leave this German resort town for our next visit.  We got onto the main road and cruised towards Windhoek, keeping an unsuccessful eye out for welwitschia, a prehistoric-looking plant endemic to the gravel plains just inland from the coast.

It was an easy drive into Windhoek, but we hadn't picked a place to stay, and we ended up wasting a lot of time looking for one.  The next day was the Australian Open men's tennis finals, between Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal, and as a huge Federer fan, I was anxious to watch what might very possibly end up being their last great match, so we wanted an indoor venue with satellite TV.  You wouldn't think that would be so hard to find in a major city, but it was after dark by the time we finally found Pension Cori, a little oasis of gardens and gentility tucked away behind a non-descript outside wall.  Rini, the irrepressible South African woman who runs the place, welcomed us in and enlisted my help reprogramming the satellite TV feed to get the tennis.

It was a good break from the road.  We slept well in a huge bed, sleeping late into the morning, before I settled down to watch what turned out to be a match for the ages; after 3 hours and 37 minutes of oscillating fortunes, great shots on both sides and enough suspense and excitement that I was jumping around the hotel room celebrating every Federer point won in the final set, Federer finally put his demons to rest by coming from behind in the fifth set to win an improbable title at age 35.  It was worth every penny that we spent to stay indoors!  We went out afterwards for a late lunch/early dinner, a tough task on a Sunday afternoon when most of Windhoek has rolled up the shutters, but eventually we found a steakhouse for a festive meal of spare ribs.

Monday, January 30th found us loth to move on, and it was 11 am before we finished packing and set off.  Our plan was to find a place to do repairs on Stanley before we left town.  Gearbox and Diff Doctor, our first port of call, proved to be a pretty professional-looking outfit, so we arranged to drop Stanley off the following Monday for what promised to be two weeks of work.  We stopped in to get my camera CCD cleaned (the relentless dust had worked its way into the interior of the camera and I had to use Adobe Lightroom to remove dust spots from every photo); the owner wouldn't do the cleaning for me, but sold me some exortitantly expensive cleaning pads to do the job myself.  We stocked up Stanley's lovely new Engel fridge with food at the Pick'n'Pay, and then headed out of town towards Windhoek airport, where we knew that there was a campground that also stored vehicles; the plan was to stay there and figure out whether it was where we might want to leave Stanley if we couldn't sell him.

Looking out into Etosha Pan
Ondekaremba proved to be a very lovely spot, out in the bush, far enough from the road and the airport not to hear any noise from them.  Windhoek is far enough inland from the dry coast to not be a desert; instead it's classic African bush, with lots of acacia trees.  There was a lot of birdlife around, and we had a pleasant stroll around the grounds before eating leftover stirfry and vegetables while stewing up beef for future suppers.  It was another pretty place to spend the night, and we talked once again about how lucky we were to be able to lead such a charmed lifestyle on the road.  That evening we were treated to a good view of Venus next to the slender semicircle of the new moon low in the western sky.

Magical Wildlife Moments in Etosha

Early morning spotted hyena
We left Windhoek slowly the next day, with a late wakeup after a solid night's sleep.  We did some stretching before settting off, and stopped in at the Trans Kalahari Inn, another possible option for storing Stanley, to book rooms for the following week.  We drove into town, stocked up again at the grocery store and then finally set off towards the north at 12:20 pm. It was an easy drive through pleasant scenery:  lush hilly woodland at first, then drier plateau, then a broad plain dotted with remnant mud puddles from the most recent rains.  We hadn't booked any accommodation at Etosha yet, and we had decided to stay outside the park on the first night to maximize use of our park entrance fees.  We ended up at Etosha Safari Camp, only 10 km from the main southern Andersson gate, by 4:30.  It proved to be a wonderful place to stay, with widely-spaced sites, lots of tree cover, a pool (in which we swam to beat the heat), a funky bar area and lots of birds, including our first view of the lesser masked weaver.  We sat out beside the camp fire that night suddenly aware of how little time remained for us in Africa; after months of travel, we were down to a few weeks of camping before we had to fly away.

Springbok bucks jousting
Our three days in Etosha National Park were among the best game-viewing experiences of our eight months in Africa.  Etosha is one of the legendary parks of Africa, and for good reason.  It is a very flat expanse, centred on the immense Etosha Pan, and much of the west of the park has little high vegetation for animals to hide behind.  It's full of springbok and gemsbok and hartebeest, and of the predators that eat them, and the animals are generally easy to see.

Spotted hyena drinking right beside Stanley
We set off from our campsite by 6:05, early enough that we had twenty minutes of waiting at the park gate before it opened exactly at sunrise.  We drove along the paved road to the main rest camp at Okaukuejo, where we paid for our three days of park fees and one night of camping (the plan was to drift eastward, one rest camp a day, for three days before exiting the east side of Etosha).  Properly paid up, we set off to the west to what our guidebook proclaimed to be one of the iconic sights of the park, the Phantom Forest.  It was a distinctly underwhelming visual experience, but at least it provided a picnic spot for a hearty eggs and toast breakfast.  There were thousands of springbok about, but not much else, and we headed back east towards the edge of the pan after breakfast.  It was a very striking view out into the immensity of the pan, like looking over a perfectly calm ocean, except made of salty mud.  We found the sad remnants of a giraffe who had been devoured near one of the waterholes, and saw lots of what birdwatchers like to call LBJs:  Little Brown Jobs, the non-descript species of lark and pipit and flycatcher that all blend together to those (like us) who are not committed twitchers.  We did in the end manage to identify the spike-heeled lark, Stark's lark and the chat flycatcher.  By 1:30 we were done and driving back to camp, satisfied but not overwhelmed by our day of wildlife.  The short-grass plains around Okaukuejo gave us, in addition to the springbok and gemsbok that you would expect in dry areas, a few wildebeest and ostriches and lots of zebras, along with a couple of black-backed jackals and lots of cute ground squirrels.

Black-winged stilt
We went out to the illuminated waterhole that evening in hopes of seeing black rhinos coming in for water, but we struck out.  The beautiful starry skies were some compensation, but we were keen on black rhinos, which we had only seen once on the entire trip, right at the beginning in Kruger.

Magnificent lioness
Two lionesses drinking in the early morning near Okaukuejo
We were up early the next morning as the entire campsite arose noisily around us.  By 6:50 we were driving out of the camp gates, hoping for early-morning wildlife magic.  It soon arrived, in the form of two juvenile spotted hyenas whom we saw loping along the plain with their peculiar droop-shouldered gait.  They strolled right up to the road and stopped to drink water from a puddle two metres from where Terri had parked Stanley.  We sat breathless for several minutes watching these beautiful animals up close, and got a number of good photos. It was an unforgettable encounter with an animal often viewed with fear and revulsion by humans.  No sooner had they wandered off than we drove into Nebrowni waterhole to find two rare blue cranes and, right beside them, two magnificent lionesses in the prime of life, drinking side by side after a hard night's hunting.  The lionesses lingered for a long time before stalking off with regal air, one after the other.  There was a party of zebras passing behind the waterhole and the zebras very nearly walked right into the retreating lionesses, which would have made an already amazing sighting even more improbable.  At the last second the zebras cottoned on and moved away from the lead lioness who was starting to look both hungry and very interested.

Blue crane
European bee-eater and its coat of many colours
We spent the rest of the morning meandering from waterhole to waterhole along the southern edge of Etosha Pan, through alternating bands of short-grass plains and thick mopane woodland.  We saw more blue cranes, including two babies, along with baby wildebeests, hundreds of spindly-legged springbok infants and more jackals.  The sky began to darken as we drove, and we began to get anxious about getting stuck in mud in a downpour without any working 4WD.




Black-faced impala at Halali waterhole
Remarkably we made it to Halali without getting wet.  We set up camp and then walked up to Halali waterhole where we had a slightly bizarre fight with a tour group of older French tourists from an overland truck.  The afternoon before at Okaukuejo waterhole everyone had been very well-behaved, obeying the "Silence Please" signs and watching the birds and animals peacefully and amicably.  This group was loud, boorish and refused to pipe down even when we pointed out the signs.  The tour guide, who would usually in cases like this try to keep his unruly tourists in line, was instead very pugnacious and we nearly came to blows.  I didn't see it, but Terri saw that he actually pulled out a knife to use on me.  It seemed a bizarre over-reaction to being asked to obey the rules.  Luckily they finished their picnic and wandered off, leaving us in possession of the waterhole.  We again didn't see any rhinos, but the pond was alive with turtles of all sizes, and a single black-faced impala showed up to drink later.  It's not a separate species, just a race or subspecies, but the addition of a big black blaze down the nose completely changes the look of the common impala to something a big more majestic and mysterious.

Lesser flamingoes, Etosha
That afternoon and evening, in an almost deserted campground, we chatted with our fellow campers: a party of three Americans and an Irishman travelling with both a guitar and a mandolin; a pair of Brits who had bought their own car in South Africa (like us), who had used the same "agent" in Johannesburg to register their car (based, it turned out, on our recommendation on the Africa4x4Cafe website); and Butch and Wendy, a pair of very well-travelled South Africans who had a good look at Stanley in case Butch's brother might be interested in buying him.  Wendy, though, after looking at Stanley and all the gear that comes with him, opined that we would be crazy to sell him, since he was so optimized for the kind of travel that we wanted to do.  That evening, talking it over, we decided that she was right and that we should give up on trying to sell Stanley and store him instead for future use.


Looking out into the immensity of Etosha Pan at a gathering storm
Eurasian hobby
Our last full day in Etosha was rainy.  It rained during the night, stopped and then restarted at dawn, leaving us to sleep in until 7 and have a lazy getaway after a big breakfast.  It rained off and on all day, gently at first and then with frightening ferocity, out of a pitch-black sky, in the afternoon.   We made our way out onto a lookout causeway that leads a couple of kilometres onto the soft surface of the pan and felt swallowed up by the immensity of the space around us.  Gaily-coloured European bee-eaters, Eurasian hobbies and red-necked falcons played on the posts marking the edge of the causeway, and suddenly, out on the pan surface, we saw the bird that we had failed to spot at Walvis Bay:  the chestnut-banded plover.  We drove back towards solid ground in a jubilant mood, a feeling further improved by spotting hundreds of flamingoes in a little waterhole beside the road. The sky was darkening in front of our eyes, and we seemed to be headed straight towards a wall of blackness. The skies ruptured open as we headed towards the camp at Nemutoni, and we were fortunate to make it off off the jeep track we were following and onto the solidity of the main gravel road, as the tracks were beginning to flood.


I think it might be about to rain!
At Halali we sheltered for a couple of hours in the restaurant before the rain stopped long enough for us to check out the waterhole:  again there were no rhinos, and we retreated to Stanley for supper before rain put paid to the idea of sitting outside.

Black-backed jackal
Saturday, February 4th saw us doing one last game drive before bidding farewell to the park, and we ended up glad that we did.  We went out first in search of Damara dik-diks, a tiny antelope that we had yet to tick off our list.  Despite some dedicated searching, we came up empty-handed, but we had lots of meetings with very skittish giraffes and lots of raptors, followed by our first sightings of Cape shoveller ducks and African shelducks at Klein Namutoni waterhole.

That is a serious kick by a fleeing giraffe
We gave up on dik-diks and took a lap around Fischerpan, the easternmost extension of Etosha Pan.  It was partly full of water and looked striking, particularly when we drove across it with water on both sides.  We spotted blue cranes at one waterhole and saw lots of elephant tracks in the mud of the pan, although we struck out on elephants themselves.  Then, just as we were rounding the back part of Fischerpan I spotted what seemed at first to be bat-eared foxes in the distance.  I pulled out my binoculars and realized that these "foxes" had stripes and a familiar droop-shouldered look.  We pulled out our mammal guide and checked, and, sure enough, we had hit it very lucky.  What we were looking at were three juvenile aardwolves, a species of small hyena that lives entirely on termites and is usually strictly nocturnal.  We were very lucky to see them; many guides and biologists that we talked to had told us that they had never seen aardwolves, and we had more or less given up on ever seeing them.  We sat watching them in the distance, suddenly very happy, and it was hard to tear ourselves away and start driving out of the park.
Our lucky sighting of three juvenile aardwolves
Standing atop the world's largest space rock, the Hoba Meteorite
We checked out of the park at Von Lindquist Gate and started driving towards Tsumeb.  Our destination was the Hoba Meteorite, the largest meteorite ever discovered.  It took a while to get there, but it was a pretty drive and well worth the detour.  At 64 tons, it's an immense chunk of iron mixed with nickel, pitted and melted on the outside from its fall through Earth's atmosphere.  It's a bit strange that there is no crater associated with such a big rock; maybe it hit Earth with a low relative speed, travelling in the same basic direction as our planet.  We took some photos and then began the long retreat towards Windhoek.  We ended up spending the night at an unexpected gem of a place, Otjira Lodge.  Our campsite was away from all the others, and we had a great walk through the bush, perfect stars and a massive campfire on which we grilled some great pork chops after yet another postcard-perfect sunset.  We told ourselves that we would make it back to Otjira on our next loop through Namibia.

From there our first loop through Namibia was more or less over.  We spent the next morning chatting with an Austrian couple, Manfred and Barbara, who had lived in Namibia for 25 years, and were full of great information on where to camp in Damaraland and the Kaokoveld.  We also admired their perfectly-engineered camper, particularly their electrically adjusted air shocks to level the camper on uneven ground.  Then it was time to drive back to the city and out to the Trans-Kalahari Inn, where we booked in for three nights.  Monday morning saw us dropping Stanley at the Gearbox and Diff Doctor, running errands in town (chiefly getting measured for new glasses for both of us, taking advantage of favourable exchange rates and low labour costs to save a lot of money for something we both needed) and then catching a taxi back to the Trans-Kalahari for two lazy days.  Wednesday morning found us on an early flight to Johannesburg for ten days of work.  We would return on February 17th, ready for one last month of Stanley's Travels 1.0.


Etosha sunset